2008-04-24 14:18:00 海燕 考研教育网

    在学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分；语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分；文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。下面是笔者整理的50组同义词。

1.路

way：Wherever there is room for an object to proceed，there is a way.

road：A road is a prepared way for traveling with horses or vehicles.

path：A way suitable to be traveled only by foot passengers or by animals.

route：A route is a line of travel，and may be over many roads.

street：A street is in some centre of habitation，as a city town or village，when it passes between houses of dwellings.

avenue：A avenue is a long，broad and imposing（壮严）or principal street.

2.时代（期）（时期）

period：It indicates any passage of time，great or small. /an extent of time of any length.

（时代）

time（s）：It refers to a period in history. in ancient times/ in Victoria time（新时代）

epoch：It indicates a long period of time marked by events or development of a particular kind.

The first flight into space marked a new epoch in the history of mankind.

（纪元）

era：It refers to a very long period of time marked by a particular feature in a great new era of world revolution

（时期）

age：It shows a particular /a fairly definite period in history. the Bronze Age，Iron Age

3.战斗（打仗）

fight：It is a bodily struggle（奋斗 斗争）

struggle：An effort of any kind to overcome difficulty.

（战斗）battle：A fight between armed forces.

（战役）campaign：A series of related military operations in a war.

（战争）war：A period of fight between countries or states when

weapons are used and many people are killed.

（对抗）combat：A fight，conflict，controversy.

4.牧师（教士 牧师）

priest：A person，esp. a man specially trained for various religious duties and ceremonies，in the Christian church，esp. in the Roman Catholic church

（牧师）minister：A member of clergy，esp. Protestant churches.

（牧师）clergy（pl）：The officially appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular church or temple.

clergyman：clergymen（pl）a member of clergy.

（牧师）pastor：A Christian religious leader in charge of a church and its members，esp. in a Protestant church.

（教区牧师）vicar：A priest in charge of an area（parish）in the church of England.

father：A little of respect for a priest，esp. in the Roman Catholic.

5.服装

clothing（collect）：（fml）General term of clothes.

clothes（no single）：Coverings of the body such as coats，

dresses，suits，shoes，hats.

garment（fl）：A suit of clothes used by actors./a single article of clothing.

costume：1）The fashion of dress peculiar to a people，nation，class，period，etc.

2）A dress worn by actors in a play. uniform：worn by all members of the community.

dress：1）A kind of outer garment worn by women（连衣裙）。

2）worn on special occasions（礼服）evening dress/ morning dress

suit：A set of outer clothes to be worn together. evening suit/swimming suit

coat：A garment with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from rain，heat，etc.

overcoat：A warn coat worn in the street.